The great news is with advances in MFI many couples will conceive a child with some help from their RE's and MFI Urologists.
If you receive a diagnosis like 0 sperm in the sample or your husband is missing the Vas Deferens, it is very important that you find a reputable Urologist that specializes in MFI. Link and more info below.
Normal numbers of a semen analysis (SA) are:
| Volume | 2.0 to 5.0 mL or more |
| Sperm number | 20 million/mL or more |
| Motility | 50 percent or more |
| Forward Progression | at least 2+ forward progression |
| Morphology | WHO> 30 percent; or Kruger, at least 4% |
And
Infertility effects one in every six couples who are trying to conceive. In at least half of all cases of infertility a male factor is a major or contributing cause. This means that about 10% of all men in the United States who are attempting to conceive suffer from infertility.
The most common identifiable cause of infertility in men is varicocele. This is a condition of enlarged veins in the scrotum that causes abnormalities in the temperature regulation of the testis. Enzymes that are responsible for both sperm and hormone (testosterone) production have an optimal temperature at which they operate most effectively. If this temperature is elevated by even one degree, sperm and testosterone production are adversely effected.
The second major cause of infertility in men is blockages or obstructions of the male reproductive tract. This is particularly true for men with zero sperm count, a condition called "azoospermia." Men with zero sperm count can be divided into two broad groups:
- men who have an obstruction problem or blockage, meaning they are making sperm, but the sperm can't get out, or
- men who have a production problem, meaning they are not making sperm, a condition called "non-obstructive " azoospermia."
Blockage can also be caused by a urinary tract infection or by the sexually transmitted diseases chlamydia and gonorrhea. Bacteria can infect the tiny duct called the "epididymis," which is essentially a swimming school for sperm before they are able to swim to fertilize an egg. Infection of the epididymis can cause scarring and blockage, inhibiting the sperm from leaving the duct to fertilize an egg. With the use of microscopes employing 30-power magnification, blockage repair success rates are extremely high.
One of the most common causes of blockage is vasectomy. Approximately 500,000 to a million men undergo vasectomy each year in this country for permanent birth control.
Approximately 1% of all infertile men are born with the congenital absence of the vas deferens, the "equivalent" of a vasectomy. Unfortunately, there are no artificial tubes strong enough to replace the vas deferens. However, we are now able to help such men conceive using an operating microscope to retrieve sperm from the tiny ducts of the epididymis, freeze them and use them later for in- vitro fertilization (IVF) with the injection of the single sperm directly into an egg.
Another cause of MFI is Andropause, or what is sometimes referred to as, male menopause. For most men, testosterone levels drop as the age but for some it happens much earlier and this causes lower and lower sperm counts. Sometimes testosterone replacement therapy can help increase counts.
Helpful links and information about MFI, general and specific diagnosis:
General Information
Male Reproductive System
Male Work-up
Additional Info on MFI Testing
Causes
The emotions
additional info
Varicocele
Microsurgical Varicocelectomy (graphic photos)
ICSI
Azoospermia
Non-Obstuctive Azoospermia
Andropause
Vas Deferens (CBAVD)
TESE
Lifestyle, Dietary and Vitamins to improve MFI
Alternative Treatment
Source website - more information
more info
TW
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